It’s produce season. That time of the year when produce shipments are at their peak and so are produce shipment rejections. According to DAT, up to 12 percent of shipments are rejected or delayed. Produce shipments are most often rejected because of the complexities of fresh food logistics. Because of their perishability, they are more likely to experience damage in transit due to improper handling, temperature variances, or delays. 

A produce shipment rejection can cause lost time, added fuel and shipping costs, wasted product, and sometimes even a strained relationship with your customer. In addition, these rejections can cause a domino effect of added issues, costs, paperwork, and make everyone’s day longer than it needs to be. Yet, with attention to detail, planning, and effective communication, you can prevent produce shipment rejections and manage your costs. Here’s some advice on preventing shipment refusal during produce season.

REASONS TO REJECT PRODUCE

With fresh produce being on average, 90 percent water, it’s a volatile product to ship. It can develop issues at any stage, during growth, harvest, storage, packing, or shipping. This makes the logistics of shipping produce that much more complicated. As a result, there can be many more reasons for produce shipment rejections to happen. So, what are some reasons for a produce shipment rejection?

Paperwork Errors/Wrong Product

The Bill of Lading (BOL) must match the shipment delivered. When the receiver checks the BOL to verify the purchase order (PO) number, skid, case count, and weight of the freight delivered, and it doesn’t line up, then the shipment may be rejected. This could happen for several reasons. For example, the product could be what they asked for but the wrong amount, or the product could be completely different. However, any discrepancy between what they ordered and what arrived will mean a rejected shipment.

*Important to note: A produce shipment should not be rejected if there is less than 50 percent of the product short or damaged.*

Pallet Configuration

Some customers require that the product arrives according to their specific guidelines for packaging. If their requested guidelines are not followed, or anything shifted, fell, or ripped while in transit, then they may refuse the shipment.

Improper Temperature Range

Maintaining integrity and freshness is serious when it comes to a perishable product like produce. If your produce shipment falls out of its needed temperature range, even by one degree, the receiver may reject your shipment. Unlike other types of freight, the chance for spoilage with produce is too high, so a receiver won’t often take on the liability with any temperature variances.

Delivered Late

Often, retail and grocery distributing centers operate on tight schedules, so a delay could impact their other appointments. Unfortunately, this means they rarely make exceptions when it comes to late shipments and your produce will be rejected.

Equipment Issues

The trailer could have been unable to keep the temperature in the range needed for your produce shipment or perhaps the trailer was not washed thoroughly before loading. Maybe the carrier showed up with a van and you needed a refrigerated trailer. There are several issues in which the trailer your shipment is delivered in can have the receiver refusing your product.

Reasonable Time to Reject

One important thing to know about produce shipment rejections is that there is a reasonable time for the receiver to reject the shipment. When shipping by truck, the receiver must not exceed eight hours to inspect and reject. When shipping by rail, the receiver must not exceed 24 hours to inspect and reject.

AS A SHIPPER, WHAT TO DO WHEN PRODUCE IS REFUSED

Many issues associated with rejected produce shipments can often be resolved quickly with extra communication and planning.

You’ll first need to figure out why the receiver rejected your produce shipment, so start with asking your receiver that. Ask for pictures showing any damage and a copy of the BOL. Next, ask for the report by the USDA inspector or another qualified individual, as it’s required for the receiver to have the shipment inspected, note any issues, and detail what the cause of damage was. Additionally, ask your carrier for a reefer unit download or a temperature recorder download so you can see if there were any temperature fluctuations during transit.

If you’re considering filing a cargo claim, you must know that cargo claims for produce will only be paid for proven physical damage.

Now, if a produce shipment is rejected and not unloaded, there are a couple of options for you to try to recoup the loss. You can reroute the shipment to a different facility that will accept it, donate the shipment, or have the carrier dispose of it. Regardless of which option you choose, you are responsible for handling where the shipment will go next.

What are any secondary markets the produce can go to if messed up? What’s the disposition? You’ll be the best resource for the area’s market. Be familiar with your shipping lanes and the secondary markets within your location to best salvage the produce if refused.

Secondary Facility

As long as your produce is still safe for consumption and solely rejected for the way it looks, you might be able to sell the shipment to a secondary facility. For example, a sauce maker or a french fry company might be willing to buy a shipment of tomatoes or potatoes that are still edible but visually unappealing.

Donation

It can be possible to reuse a rejected produce shipment through local donation, though there are still high standards for products if donated. Any food and beverage products donated must be safe enough to consume. Donations can be optimal as your produce can still be used, and you can receive tax credits for your donation.

Disposal

If your produce shipment is rejected due to a temperature violation or clear spoilage during transit, disposal may be your solution. When your produce is determined to be unsalvageable, it may be best to dispose of it. Although the other two options are better for the environment and your bottom line, it’s sometimes a necessary evil to dispose of the product. While recycling and reusing are ideal, they may not be workable due to compliance and safety standards. One of the benefits of disposal is that scheduling disposals are often quicker than scheduling to another facility.

Maintaining a Good Customer Relationship

Shipment rejections can stress even the best relationships. It’s best to keep in mind that you are in it for the long haul and produce shipment rejections that can happen even to the best of shippers due to its complexity.

It’s best to acknowledge the rejection, replace the product as soon as possible, and find the source of the issue to help reduce the chance of another produce rejection happening anytime soon. Take ownership of the problem and control of your shipment so you can manage your money from the salvage. Taking control over the disposition will help you maximize your return, reduce claimed damages, and reduce your risk of customer relationship loss.

While these are all great solutions for handling produce shipment rejections, it’s ideal to prevent them in the first place. For companies looking to focus on their bottom line, it’s important to know all necessary prevention measures for produce shipment rejections and plan for when they do happen.

PRODUCE SHIPMENT REJECTION PREVENTION

Paperwork and Communication

The first step to preventing produce shipment rejections is to have your paperwork and communication in order. Your agreement must be clear on the condition of the produce your buyer will receive. Being able to present your buyer with evidence that your produce is safe and of the quality you stated it’s in before transit will prevent most cases of rejection.

Communication with your buyer and your logistics team on how your produce is being handled before loading, during loading, and during transit must be done effectively and properly. This is especially crucial because of the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). Be sure to provide photos, diagrams, or any other examples of proper pallet configuration to your warehouse and trucking partners. This kind of communication will help them pack and load your freight correctly from the start.

Carrier Selection

Produce shipments, especially during produce season, often pay a lot. This means you’ll have a lot of carriers bidding to haul for you. Therefore, quality carrier selection and additional insurance requirements, like reefer breakdown, are crucial aspects to prevent rejected produce shipments.

Make sure you confirm with your motor carrier that they are both authorized and experienced to haul your produce.

Additionally, make sure they understand all your shipments requirements, including FSMA. For example, do they need washout receipts? Do they have a good quality truck, updated trailer, or a quality reefer? Do they have or need temperature-monitoring devices or other technology to ensure the temperature is controlled and the cold chain uninterrupted? Can they pull a reefer download if required?

By finding a quality carrier and building a strong relationship with them, you’ll gain a dependable carrier to use regularly. This can help you reduce any transportation-related issues that could later result in a shipment rejection.

Loading

Don’t Overstack

When it comes to produce season, the number one cause of claims that we see comes from over-stacking your boxes or bins of produce when loading them onto the trailer. An example of this would be triple or quadruple stacking your boxes when they need to be double-stacked. While this depends on each shipping location, not all may be aware that each box has a maximum capacity it can withstand and not damage your produce. You need to know the weight-bearing amount of your boxes so you can place no more than that. When you over-stack, it’s will increase the risk of your produce getting squished and damaged. Certain produce can be very fragile, like berries, tomatoes, asparagus, or bananas. They tend to bruise easily, so single-stacking boxes are even more ideal for them.

No Hot Loads

Industry experts say that as much as 32 percent of all cargo is loaded at the wrong temperature.

This is often due to poor loading practices, like loading from a hot field. When it comes to produce, loading from a hot field is a HUGE NO. This causes the driver to start traveling with your produce at the wrong temperature, which puts compliance and financial pressure on carriers, as the load is at a high risk of spoiling. Your produce should be safely brought down to its required transit temperature before loading to prevent any spoilage.

Have the Proper Equipment

While this may seem silly, it still needs to be said: If a motor carrier shows up with a dry van and your produce requires a refrigerated trailer, DO NOT LOAD. While losing some time or causing a bit of a delay is not ideal, it’s better to have the proper trailer needed to keep your risk of shipment rejection from spoilage or damage low. Additionally, make sure your carrier’s refrigerated temperature monitoring system has the proper temperature, date, and time set. If there is a rejection due to temperature variance and the date and time are wrong, you’ll take the blame due to current regulations.

When it comes to your motor carrier and loading, it’s also ideal to allow them to inspect and pulp your product before loading. They have the right to do so, and the opportunity can give your carrier the confidence to haul your product safely. It also helps build a strong and loyal relationship, while helping you gain more insight that your product is okay before it’s in transit.

Keep Clean of Debris

Another way to help prevent produce rejections is to have a shipping platform that can be cleaned without leaving any splinters or debris in vehicles. Food-grade plastic pallets are ideal for solving many hygiene issues while helping reduce product damage during transport. Unlike wooden pallets, they don’t splinter or leave behind debris, and their nonabsorbent surface can be easily cleaned and dried.

Transit and Delivery

As mentioned during loading, make sure you have a way to track temperatures throughout the shipment and be able to receive notifications in real time. By getting early warning signs of issues, temperature variations can be quickly detected and dealt with right away instead of learning about them later at delivery.

Additionally, make sure you have a qualified inspector on-site at delivery. This will help should the receiver decide to reject your produce shipment to determine if your product is salvageable for you to recoup costs.

Before transit, it’s best that you set up the potential for rework facilities to accept your produce should the receiver refuse it. Talk to nearby receiving facilities to establish accounts, processes, and pricing ahead of time. This way, if there has been some visual damage or slight shifting, it can quickly reroute to the other location and be reworked, being proactive rather than reactive. This is especially important when it comes to produce since time is of the essence.

HAVING HELP

Produce shipment rejections can be complex and confusing at times. This is where working with a third-party logistics company (3PL), like Trinity, can come in handy. We have Teams to help you with the prevention of rejections as well as when one does happen.

Carrier Compliance

Our Carrier Compliance Team is here to vet our carrier network and make sure they have what you need to get your shipment delivered safely. Not only do we have a rigorous vetting process, but depending on your shipment requirements, we’ll make checks for extra insurance needs like reefer breakdown and make sure they are FSMA compliant. 

Claims

No matter how prepared one can be, unexpected things can still happen. Shipments may get refused and so that’s why we have a Claims Team here ready to assist you. It can be a real lifesaver to have a Team of certified professionals to help take the stress out of the claims process. Should it be needed, our Claims Team will help you start the process, be there to track progress, and assist until a resolution is met between all involved parties.

DON’T GO THROUGH PRODUCE SEASON ALONE

With proper prevention, compliance, and planning, produce shipment rejections can become less of a thorn in your side during produce season. Even still, they can and will happen at times. Make sure you’re ready and have the support you need by working with an experienced provider such as Trinity.

You’ll have the advantage of working with and trusting our risk departments, who work hard to help mitigate any risk to your shipments. In addition, you can trust that each of our carrier relationships is properly vetted for things like reefer breakdown coverage. Should you need it, you’ll have a whole Claims Team ready to help you sort through any unexpected shipment issues.

Gain the support you need to navigate the complexity of produce season with less stress.

Staying up-to-speed in leading technology requires time and investments. With all the current and upcoming logistics technology, it can be confusing for shippers to identify what will have the best impact to stay competitive now and in the future. 

HOW LOGISTICS TECHNOLOGY CAN HELP

Businesses today have never been in so much need of change and upgrade with their technology. Their list of challenges to overcome is never-ending. They have retailers demanding more visibility. Then there’s the struggle of finding capacity, managing costs, meeting service requirements, creating a more resilient operation, and more.

There are several current and emerging technologies available to help to address many supply chain problems. There’s a lot to go through, so let’s dive in and see how logistics technology can help.

…WITH CAPACITY

The ability to match a carriers’ network to a shippers’ network is very important. At the end of the day, you still need to match a driver and truck with an available shipment. Available logistics technology can help make that happen, but there still needs to be more adoption of it for it to be more effective.

…..WITH RISK MANAGEMENT

One thing the pandemic taught us is the importance of risk management and resilience. Mitigating your risk comes down to using technology to make better decisions faster by using better data. You must use a network of data to measure yourself against the current market and your peers.

…WITH PRODUCTIVITY AND COST MANAGEMENT

Shippers have an ongoing need to improve productivity and cost management. Technology can help you create win-win opportunities to match loads to available capacity. Or get more committed capacity and good on-time service at a reasonable cost. Logistics technology can help you be more productive while better managing your costs.

…WITH CARRIER SELECTION

Carrier selection can be time-intensive. The process of calculating the best combination of rates and lanes for a particular shipment can be lengthy. Logistics technology automates the carrier selection process, reducing your time spent. It allows you to select the best carrier for every shipment in real-time based on the cost and service level. Technology also helps with carrier vetting through digital applications and API feeds. 

…WITH SHIPPING UPDATES IN REAL-TIME

Most customers and shippers now expect real-time tracking. Technology allows shipment data like tracking and more to your customer in real-time using methods like APIs or geofencing. The days of frustrating phone calls to chase down freight locations are now history.

…WITH IMPROVED ROUTING

Load planning and driver routing can impact your logistics costs. Companies that have complicated delivery patterns can’t really be sure their network is optimized no matter how much time and money they use to plan without technology. Technology can do in seconds what it would take a human hours to do and do it accurately every time. This comes as a major benefit when developing routes incorporates several factors, like rates, delivery windows, and more.

…WITH REDUCED PAPERWORK

Logistics has always handled a lot of paperwork and data. For shippers, it can be easy to become bogged down in all the manual processes that they are responsible for. Not to mention, a single error can cause problems up and down the supply chain. Technology allows you to cut down on errors and time, freeing you to concentrate on more productive tasks. It also allows for easier storage, giving quick access to anyone who needs it.

….WITH GREATER TRANSPARENCY

Thanks to technology, the supply chain is more transparent than ever. Your customer’s expectations and needs have increased to include transparency. Logistics technology enables your customers to receive instant answers to their queries and delivery status. This feature has gone from a nice extra into a necessity for you to stay competitive.

…WITH EFFICIENCY AND FASTER PROCESSES

Technology has led the way to supply chains becoming faster and more efficient. Through warehouse and transportation management systems, businesses can quickly pull data, track resources, and reduced stock with real-time reporting. Through full visibility across your supply chain, potential errors, risks, and opportunities are seen, allowing your business greater efficiency.

…WITH COMMUNICATION

Good communication creates improved business. Technology has made this possible by changing the supply chain for the better. The software enables teams to input data that is accessible for all stakeholders. Technology also allows better insight data, allowing your company to better forecast and communicate your requirements. An increase in your communication also allows for a stronger relationship between you and your stakeholders. 

…WITH HAPPIER CUSTOMERS

The ultimate consequence of the benefits outlined above is happier customers. More efficient logistics operations mean that your freight gets out of the warehouse and to your customer faster. Through centralized storage plus real-time tracking removes any uncertainty for your customers. Technology increases transparency and communication between all stakeholders. 

TECHNOLOGY TRENDS TO WATCH

The logistics industry has perhaps the most to gain from new technologies. In recent years, we’ve seen a massive advancement in areas like artificial and augmented intelligence, advanced analytics, and automation. These advancements also bring new expectations, forcing companies to adapt or fall behind. There’s also more pressure coming from customers demanding their products come faster and cheaper than before. 

Here are the top logistics technology trends your company should be keeping an eye on and consider implementing.

ARTIFICIAL AND AUGMENTED INTELLIGENCE

The logistics industry has started using artificial intelligence in their transportation and more. AI has been making a huge difference in logistics through applications like warehouse automation and predictive optimization. According to research, using AI in logistics can increase companies’ gain by more than 50 percent a year. 

There’s also augmented intelligence. Augmented intelligence combines human intelligence with AI automated processes. According to Gartner, augmented intelligence is its way to create $2.9 trillion of business value. This would lead to an increase of $6.2 billion hours of worker productivity globally by the end of this year. Augmented intelligence is expected to be used more to allow businesses to do their jobs quicker while reducing mistakes and allowing for cost savings. 

DIGITAL TWINS

Digital twins may be one of the most exciting logistics technology trends to keep an eye on. As many know, products are never the same as their models. Modeling currently doesn’t consider how parts wear out and need replacing, how fatigue accumulates, or how owners make changes to suit their needs. Digital Twins technology changes this once and for all. 

Digital Twins allows you to engage with the digital model of a physical object like we would with their physical counterparts. The potential uses for this in logistics are vast. Digital Twins could collect product and packaging data to identify potential weaknesses and recurring trends to improve future operations in shipments. Warehouses could use it to create accurate 3D models of their centers, experimenting with the layout or the introduction of new equipment to the impact with no risk. Logistics hubs can create Digital Twins and use those to test out different scenarios to increase efficiency. 

REAL-TIME SUPPLY CHAIN VISIBILITY

Supply chain visibility is no longer an extra benefit for companies to have. It’s now needed and is taking another step forward – becoming real-time. 

Real-time data is more in demand by customers and carriers than ever. New startups are creating technology that promotes a quick response to change by allowing companies to use real-time data. This data can include things like traffic patterns, weather, or road and port conditions. Companies that make use of an integrated supply chain are reporting to be 20 percent more efficient than those without.

IOT SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

You can’t mention visibility without bringing up the Internet of Things (IoT) Sensor technology. By using connected IoT devices on parcels, it allows warehouses to track inventory or shipped freight. Container management that’s powered by IoT can be made easier with real-time monitoring. You’ll see increased fuel efficiency, preventative maintenance, and container operations more proactive versus reactive.

BLOCKCHAIN

Blockchain is an open ledger of transactions distributed among computers in each network. Since everyone has access to the shared blockchain, there is complete transparency. This also makes it impossible for users to hack into. It also makes it easier for different carriers or shippers to share data. Before a company can completely adopt blockchain, there are a few steps required. First, companies need to digitize, standardize, and cleanse their data. Then companies must form an ecosystem of partners to operate in a shared, permissionless blockchain environment.

Blockchain has grown to be a big buzzword as one of the most overhyped logistics technology trends. That’s because it depends on its market development and on the partners using it. Blockchain’s concept has also been difficult for the public to grasp. Despite its strong potential both in and outside of logistics, there’s been a lack of real development. 

Yet, there are some pilot projects and small-scale operations in effect to keep watch of. UPS and Warren Buffet’s BNSF Railway recently joined the Blockchain in Transport Alliance. 

DATA STANDARDS AND ADVANCED ANALYTICS

Data in logistics has always been isolated. Companies store their data in whatever way they deem fit. This leads to a fragmented system, allowing inefficiency, and making it difficult to digitize operations. 

One of the biggest logistics technology trends points out that isolated data will not be an option if you want to keep up with changing times. The Digital Container Shipping Association (DCSA), created in 2019 recently set new data standards in container shipping. Their mission is to create common information technology standards for digitalization and interoperability to make the shipping sector more efficient for both customers and shipping lines. 

Other logistics fields still have work to do to solve data inconsistencies. There are many young startups focused on creating predictive and advanced analytics platforms as a solution. When data becomes standardized and digitized across the industry, all companies will benefit. Logistics data is essential for planning future deliveries and understanding what goods the market needs. 

GROWING NEWCOMERS

New technology isn’t the only one shaping the future of logistics. There are also new business models and industry players. Without a need for a rich asset background, these startups tend to focus on the asset-light parts of the supply chain. Since they have more flexibility, they can offer quicker pricing and quotes. 

An example of this is Uber which launched Uber Freight in the U.S. in 2017, now expanding into Europe and Canada. There’s also Amazon expanding its expertise in warehousing and transportation. They’ve already made plenty of headway with Prime Air, the electric drone service it’s building, to fly up to 15 miles and deliver packages under five pounds, to customers in less than 30 minutes. It’s also recently reported that the company has been importing new Amazon-branded intermodal containers. 

SUSTAINABILITY POWERED BY TECHNOLOGY

Sustainability is a trend across all industries. More people are choosing companies that have an eco-friendly reputation. Companies are investing more in reducing emissions. As a result, ecological technology is beginning to influence logistics. For example, last-mile delivery is very time and energy-consuming. It presents many opportunities for a fresh approach. To lessen its environmental impact, companies leverage technologies like electric vehicles or AI-based software to calculate a route with low emissions.

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

Autonomous vehicles are still in the early stages. Even so, it’s a huge, discussed technology. A few short years ago, they were more unreal, but many companies are investing in them. Self-driving trucks could be efficient in operating busy roads to predict and analyze traffic. They could also help ease some of the driver shortage and capacity.

WAREHOUSE ROBOTICS

Warehouse operations have undergone a significant shift recently.

Technology has been progressively integrated and the trend looks to continue. According to the Global Customer Report of 2019, there has been an 18 percent YOY increase in the testing of warehouse robotics. Robotic technology comes in various forms, like wearable technology, driverless vehicles, or multifunctional robots. No matter the form, it can improve the efficiency and speed of warehouse processes. Industry trends focus on the automatization of manual work. The goal is to make routine work cheaper and more comfortable for their business. It’s also used to improve monitoring, receiving, and dispatching products in the warehouse.

CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES YOU SHOULD LOOK INTO

TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (TMS)

A cloud-based TMS provides you with real-time visibility of your transportation, data insights, dashboards, reporting, and analytics. TMS technology may not be new, but its technology that continues to improve and offer a lot of insight into your logistics. Through real-time data insights, TMS technology can help you reduce risks and spot opportunities for cost savings through efficiencies. In an ARC survey, respondents indicated freight savings of 8 percent through the adoption of a TMS.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) support inventory, demand forecasting, scheduling, and predictive analytics. Tasks that could take people days or weeks are reduced to minutes. Through automation, you can save time and increase efficiencies in your supply chain. The level of automation can be semi-automated, completely automated, or a mix of both. 

SHIPMENT TRACKING SYSTEMS

Years ago, customers would book shipments, receive an estimated delivery date, and then be left waiting. Now software allows customers to access tracking on their shipment 24/7. User experience is enhanced, and time and money are saved. Here at Trinity, we currently use FourKites, MacroPoint, and Trucker Tools for our shipment tracking. 

INTERET OF THINGS (IoT) AND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID)

Many devices made have built-in WIFI capabilities or sensors. The easy access to WIFI and the internet connects everyone to everything, which is why it’s called the Internet of Things. The adoption of IoT is on the rise. It opens many opportunities in the supply chain, like reducing costs and delays. Sensors can be placed into trucks, cargo ships, trains, on parcels, or more. They can also connect to an alarm system or have a dispatcher that monitors and tracks. One example would be temperature monitoring for temperature-controlled products. IoT isn’t new technology, but it continues to impact and grow in logistics. 

RFID technology is a popular way a company can track inventory. A tag or sensor gets placed on a product, and radio waves are sent out. Data then gets received and processed by the company. RFID tags are like barcodes, but the superior speed of delivered information and data processing is more appealing. 

AUTONOMOUS TRUCKS AND DRONES

Autonomous cars are already a reality with trucks not too far behind. Companies like Embark and Uber have already used autonomous trucks, and Tesla will be releasing their electric truck soon. Even though the trucks are not completely driverless yet, it’s a huge step in this breakthrough technology. As mentioned prior, Amazon will be using electric drones soon through Amazon Prime Air. The drone deliveries are still a few years out, but the idea of an even quicker delivery is appealing.

FIND TECHNOLOGY THAT WORKS FOR YOU

With so much available and upcoming in logistics technology, shippers should partner with experts who can offer customized solutions. Be sure their technology is not only flexible but that they stay on top of technology trends. Adopting technology in your business can provide you with more visibility, connectivity, advanced analytics, and more. Technology can help you enable better collaboration with your stakeholders and offer greater efficiency across your entire supply chain. 

Here at Trinity, we understand technology can make or break your supply chain. This is why we continue to stay ahead of cutting-edge tech and make sure to have the best technology applications available to you. Additionally, by working with Trinity, you’ll not only have the data and applications you need but the experienced tech and logistics professionals ready to serve you.

To find out more about what best-in-class technology applications you gain with Trinity, 

To learn more about Trinity’s TMS and Managed Services through a free supply chain analysis, request a consultation. 

Author: Christine Morris