Interruptions to the cold chain create problems such as spoilage, changes in the appearance, taste, or smell of a product, growth of harmful bacteria, or lost potency. Preventing any interruption of the cold chain is one of the main responsibilities of a logistics manager. Let’s look at some of the significant cold chain challenges you may have to face, and how you can keep issues at bay.

REGULATIONS

Regulations for the cold chain are ever-changing and complex, which is why they are one of the major challenges faced today. If your cold chain is worldwide, it can be more complicated as there is no one entity to regulate on a global scale. Each region has its own regulations, compliance mandates, and enforcement agencies. Some examples of these are:

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

In the U.S., the federal regulatory agency for food and pharmaceuticals is the FDA. 

Most cold chain food regulations come from the FDA’s Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) of 2017. This regulation covers the cleanliness and function of equipment, protocols set in place for transportation, employee training on the proper handling of food in cold chains, and records of all FSMA compliance.

When it comes to pharmaceutical products, many regulations affect the cold chain. Some of those include:

• 21 CFR 203.32
  • Addresses the need for maintaining drugs under stable conditions and meeting manufacturer’s specifications.
  • 21 CFR 211.150
    • Provides guidance on the written procedures for managing expirations and a reliable system for identifying the distribution of drug samples in the event of a recall.
  • 21 CFR 203.36
    • Outlines the responsibilities of manufacturers and authorized distributors.
  • 21 CFR 205.50
    • Minimum requirements for storage and handling of prescription drugs and maintenance of distribution records

Canadian Food and Drugs Act

In Canada, the regulatory authority is the Government of Canada. The Canadian Food and Drugs Act was passed in 1920 and revised in 1985. It regards the production, import, export, and transport across provinces for food, drugs, and cosmetics including products like soap and toothpaste. It ensures products are safe, ingredients disclosed, and drugs are effective. 

International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH)

Many other countries, refer to ICH guidelines gathering data on a product’s safety and efficacy to establish a cold chain strategy. ICH brings together many regulatory authorities to discuss data and establish those guidelines. Gathered data is used to consider the duration of temperature excursions that can occur across distribution channels. 

Regulations can be complex and demanding at times, but they all have the same goals of retaining the safety, quality, transparency, and efficacy of cold chain commodities. The biggest key to keeping compliance with cold chain regulations is increasing end-to-end visibility in your cold chain. Keeping proper documentation of data throughout your supply chain can seem difficult but modern technology like a transportation management system (TMS), can simplify this cold chain challenge. Current technology applications like GPS tracking, ELD data, Internet of Things (IoT), and a TMS can give you advanced analytics and reporting that would otherwise be comprised of manual processes. Not only does technology offer you savings in time but of human error as many processes become automated. 

SUSTAINABILITY

Another significant cold chain challenge is the increasing spotlight on sustainability. The distribution and transportation of temperature-controlled products have shown to be major causes of greenhouse gas emissions. In comparison to other supply chain transportation, cold chain transport consumes 20 percent more fuel than other heavy vehicle types due to the refrigeration equipment. The biggest issue facing sustainability is the high-power consumption or combustion of fossil fuels necessary to power the cold chain’s cooling systems. 

There are also growing issues and increasing regulations on refrigerant gases used in cooling systems like hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) as they are responsible for high greenhouse gas emissions. In 2015, the European Union set strict limits on the production and sale of high global warming potential HFC refrigerants. In the U.S., the Manufacturing Act of 2019 was passed which established a timeline of phasing down the use of HFCs by 2036. 

Because of the increasing pressure of sustainability and its regulations enacted on the cold chain, many large food and pharmaceutical companies have plans in place to reduce their carbon emissions. In 2015, more than 150 businesses in the U.S. signed the Business Act on Climate Pledge which launched for private sector businesses to express their support on international action on climate change. Also, in 2015, the Paris Agreement was created, signed by 195 countries at the United Nations climate change summit. This agreement aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to prevent the planet from warming by more than 2 degrees Celsius. 

Being sustainable in the cold chain is also something you can be recognized for now with awards such as the Supply & Demand Chain Executive Green Supply Chain Award or the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals’ Supply Chain Sustainability Award. Some ways to consider in adding sustainability to your cold chain is improving your cold chain management to reduce waste and your carbon footprint or considering alternative transportation modes like intermodal versus truckload when shipping your products. While you’re working on improving sustainability in your cold chain, make sure the providers you work with are equally interested in sustainability as well. Here at Trinity, we are proud of our sustainability efforts and to be recognized as a SDCE Green Supply Chain Award winner and as a Food Logistics’ Top Green Provider. 

TEMPERATURE VARIANCES

Shipping temperature-sensitive items? Check out our Temperature Shipping Guide for temperature suggestions?

It’s one of the biggest and most common cold chain challenges: maintaining the required temperature of the product throughout the entire supply chain. Any temperature that is higher than the set temperature can affect a product’s quality. Not all products that get exposed to a temperature past their threshold will spoil right away, as it depends on how steep and frequent the exposure was. Once a product has begun to thaw, it is considered contaminated. Depending on the product and temperature, that window of time can be very short. There are many times during cold chain in which a product can be exposed to a temperature variance: during unloading and loading of the product, from poor packaging, handling, or broken equipment.

Loading and Unloading

As your product moves through the cold chain, it can get exposed to temperatures outside its set temp. Whenever loading and unloading your product, handling should be as quick as possible. Preventing prolonged exposure to temperature changes prevents having problems with quality. 

Poor packaging or handling

There are many different ways to package your cold chain freight so it can keep its cool. If it’s not done right or in mind of your transit time, your goods can spoil before arrival. When handled poorly, they can become damaged, causing lost product.

Equipment problems

One way the cold chain can be interrupted is when your equipment breaks down. Refrigeration equipment can malfunction due to damage, inadequate maintenance, or losing power. 

In cold storage, doors becoming damaged are one of the common challenges they face. When cold storage doors become damaged, they can’t maintain their specified temperatures.

Due to inadequate maintenance, there can be a buildup of condensation in coolers and freezers, causing slippery surfaces and unsafe conditions for workers, as well as a spoiled product. Another maintenance challenge is handling the growth of mold or mildew, which can happen with poorly maintained temperatures. Should this happen, the freezer will need to be cleaned thoroughly and inspected for any problems. 

Transportation Breaks Down

Vehicles can break down at any time. Any hold-up in your cold chain shipment could mean more than just a time delay, it can mean a spoiled product. Make sure you’re working with a qualified carrier who inspects their truck or other modes of freight before the journey begins.

Keeping track of the temperature throughout your cold chain is another way to combat having your products exposed to changes in temperature. Temperature monitoring systems are quickly replacing any manual processes of collecting temperature information, saving time, and preventing spoiled products. This also allows cold chain managers insight into their problem areas and being able to fix them.

Some of these temperature monitoring systems are RFID or wireless sensor network, thermal imaging, and temperature loggers. RFID or other wireless sensor networks are the most common in the cold chain. These sensors capture the location and temperature, communicating the information back to a database and allowing parameters like an estimated shelf life to be calculated. You’ll often find these in warehousing and cold storage. Thermal imaging is exactly what you think it is; imaging that is taken showing the different temperatures of everything in the photo. Thermal imaging uses a sensor to convert the radiation given off at different temperatures into a visible light picture. This is also often used in warehousing and cold storage. Lastly, temperature loggers are another type of sensor placed next to cargo in transportation. They can be set to record as frequently as every second, minute, or hour. Once removed, they can be plugged into a computer so the temperature data can be transferred and analyzed.

TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED SHIPPING CAPACITY 

Another significant cold chain challenge is available capacity. Capacity is always a challenge for any industry, but even more so for the cold chain, especially right now. With freight in high demand across all industries and capacity slim, drivers can pick and choose what shipments they want to take based on (already) high rates. Reefer trailers are already limited with the increased demand on cold chain, but when rates for moving other high-demand commodities such as lumber or retail keep increasing, those drivers can choose to utilize their reefer trailer as a dry van to haul should those rates be better paying, further reducing cold chain capacity. Cold storage warehousing is seeing the strain as well because of the growing freight demand. More storage space is needed in the supply chain and new buildings are being built, but those currently in production or needing their building supplies (which are also in high demand), puts yet another strain on shipping capacity until that demand has decreased. With the cold chain demand increasing and available equipment and drivers doing quite the opposite, can the logistics sector keep up? Read more in our current whitepaper.

DON’T LET THE COLD CHAIN SCARE YOU

There is a lot of juggling to do when managing the cold chain. If even one ball is dropped, it can affect the whole cold chain. You can prepare as best as you can for these cold chain challenges, but sometimes it’s nice to know you have backup when you need it most.

Luckily here at Trinity, we’re experts in complex situations. In fact, I would say it’s our specialty. We’ve seen every possible problem there could be and are happy to help. By working with Trinity, you can gain access to the data you need to improve your performance and output, find equipment and capacity when you’re finding it difficult, and work with someone who understands current regulations, no matter the region or type of commodity you work with. We’re here to have your back regardless of what cold chain challenge comes your way.

Not ready to request a quote? Subscribe to our YouTube channel and watch our latest State of the Industry and Freight Market Update videos to stay on top of what’s going on in cold chain. 

Author: Christine Morris

If you haven’t already noticed, cold chain logistics is currently a hot topic. The demand for fresh products and quality supply chain processes are at an all-time high. Recognizing these trends in cold chain and taking action will help you fulfill your customer’s needs. Let’s look at five trends going on in the cold chain industry.

1. An Increased Demand on Quality Products

Big trends in cold chain, specifically the food industry, has been the demand for fresher and higher-quality products. Consumers want their peaches to be juicier and their avocados to be riper. To satisfy the customers’ wants, you need to make sure the carrier that is shipping your product is well versed in cold chain management. They need to know how to avoid changes in the texture and taste of the produce when a shipment fluctuates beyond the required temperature. The focus on quality products means that refrigerated warehouses will need to maintain temperature zones.

Quality products don’t stop at fresh food. With the COVID-19 vaccine being administered, people want to make sure that what they’re getting injected into their bodies is safe. In addition, the amount of biological drugs and gene therapies is growing. Because of this, logistics companies are also widening their capacity for temperature-controlled transportation to meet the demand.

As we’ve stated in our Shipping Pharmaceuticals blog, cold chain logistics play significant role in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Manufacturers of these vaccines and medications need the cold chain to run smoothly to prevent any damage to the expensive drugs. Pharmaceuticals also need to arrive as good as new because medicine that has sat in incorrect temperatures for an extended period can be ineffective or detrimental to a patient’s health.

2. The Global Cold Chain Market is Booming

A recent report by Grand View Research shows that the global cold chain market size is expected to grow 14.8 percent from 2021 to 2028. Many nations have recognized a rising need to avoid food waste and loss of healthcare products due to spoilage. Moreover, the demand for fresher products is on the rise. Nations such as China and India are boosting their global cold chain efforts to meet the demand for their exports. International trade liberalization has also boosted the use of cold chain, globally. Because it is the global cold chain is rising, manufacturers need to become more specialized in their products so they can ship their goods to a wider variety of customers across the globe.

3. Stronger Regulations

Another trend in the cold chain has been stricter regulations on shipped products. Both globalization and the recent rise of food and pharma counterfeit incidences have caused production and cold chain rules to be reevaluated. The beginning of these rules started with the Food and Drug Administration’s Food Safety Modernization Act. This act requires anyone in the food supply chain to document every step of the process. Certain products like fruit must be traced all the way back to the point of origin.

Being proactive with these firm rules and regulations has also been a common trend across cold chain logistics. Manufacturers are strengthening their processes in-house to help mitigate any issues with their cold chain. Safety should be a top priority for the manufacturer when shipping through cold chain.

4. Innovative Packaging

Specialized packaging has been a trending topic in the cold chain industry. Whether it be for pharmaceuticals or food and beverages, manufacturers have been more specific on how they want their products packaged.

For pharmaceutical companies, there has been a conflict between packaging and transportation costs. For smaller shipments moving through the supply chain, a company can choose either a 24, 48, or 72-hour packaging that will protect the products from becoming ineffective. The more insulated the packaging is, the higher the cost. Globalization is also a major factor in this dilemma. If the U.S. ships cold chain products like pharmaceuticals overseas, it is imperative that the carrier knows to re-ice the shipment if any delays occur.

Companies that specialize in temperature-controlled packaging are making single-use or reusable packaging for all your cold chain needs. There are new refrigerated shipping systems that don’t require gel coolants, and they weigh much less than typical cold chain packages. These systems use evaporative, reactive cooling technology that responds and adjusts to fluctuating temperatures.

Whether it be significant innovations such as evaporative cooling technology or something as simple as adding handles and straps to your packaging, traditional packaging is starting to become a thing of the past. Companies are trying to gain that competitive advantage of being the most innovative packaging company for your cold chain needs.

5. Outsourcing to a Third-Party Logistics Company

Another demand in the cold chain has been for efficiency and visibility throughout the supply chain. Companies don’t like to be left in the dark when it comes to the transportation of their products. That is why a 3PL provides a wide range of technology services to promote transparency within the supply chain.

Consumers today are becoming more conscientious about their needs. No one wants to settle for spoiled milk or ineffective pharmaceuticals. It is imperative that manufacturers stay up to date on these current trends in the cold chain in order to satisfy their customers. Doing research and staying in the know are both imperative ways for your business to be successful. Being proactive and listening to what customers want is the best way to stay on top in the cold chain industry.

Interested in learning more about Trinity’s experience in cold chain?

Frozen food is considered one of the safest forms of food preservation because the freezing temperatures prevent harmful bacteria. This doesn’t necessarily mean that frozen food is foolproof. Several situations that could cause your frozen food to go bad and ways to prevent them from happening. If you’re new to shipping frozen food, or you’re a seasoned veteran staying up to date with the ever-changing world of cold chain logistics, here are a few things to keep in mind that can impact your company’s bottom line. 

Shipping temperature-sensitive items? Check out our Temperature Shipping Guide.

Improper Packaging

Improper packaging is the most common mistake in frozen food shipping. It may also be the most involved part of your process. Multiple layers of packaging and ensuring an airtight seal to eliminate any heat or humidity penetration is critical. Your packaging’s  inner layer  should be waterproof to prevent any leakage from melting refrigerant causing damage to your outer packaging.  

The person responsible for packaging your frozen food should have a strong understanding of dry ice and how to store it in proper containers. Although it a great source for cold chain packaging, it could be detrimental to your shipment if misused. If dry ice is packaged in an airtight container, there could be a pressure build up and cause that entire container to burst.   

Package your frozen food with the proper amount of dry ice or frozen gel packs to prevent temperature fluctuations from happening. You should also ensure that you have the proper sized box to store your products. Too large with extra space means your goods could become damaged in the process of moving.  

To prevent improper packaging, ensure that you have full knowledge of the temperatures required for that shipment and what type of insulation you want to use. Partnering with a 3PL that works with vetted carriers that have a strong understanding of how to transport frozen food will also save your shipment from spoiling or getting damaged.  

Underestimating Shipping Times

When you underestimate shipment times, the result could impact your bottom line. If your product arrives to its destination melted or spoiled, you’ll end up with rejected products. This means money lost.  

Plan your frozen food shipments ahead and research estimated transit times so you can pack enough coolant material. This will also provide insight on which refrigerant choice would work better for that shipment. One to two blocks of dry ice will last between 18-36 hours in a small Styrofoam shipping container. In a larger shipping container, dry ice can last between two to three days. It’s never a bad idea to make sure you have enough refrigerant packed so that it could last an extra day or two should your shipment have some unforeseen delay. Communicate the estimated transit time with your third-party logistics provider to ensure that the carrier shipping your frozen food has all the necessary information. 

Not Properly Recording Information

Keep record of every detail about your shipment. This is paramount to staying compliant with the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and proving that your business has done everything possible to prevent the spread of foodborne illness. This includes the proper labeling of packaging, any providers used, and temperature records from before, during, and after transit.  

The FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) is transforming the nation’s food safety system into one that is based on the prevention of foodborne illnesses. Our team stays updated on these regulations and have processes in place to stay compliant.  

Not Using a Qualified Provider

Maintaining the correct temperatures when shipping frozen food means maintaining its quality. You should make sure you choose a provider who is experienced with your frozen food product. Don’t make the mistake in trying to lower shipping costs by shipping mixed temperature goods together, which if not done properly, can compromise their quality and result in rejection of your product. Shipping mixed loads can be done, but you need to make sure it’s with a provider that has trucks with separate compartments capable of holding different temperatures, and the experience to handle it.  

Finding and building a relationship with a qualified, experienced carrier to haul your frozen food products can be a long and time-consuming process. At Trinity, we have a network of over 70,000 qualified carrier relationships to help you.  

Why not choose to save some time?  

If you find it difficult to juggle multiple providers for your cold chain logistics, there’s a better, even seamless, way of doing business. Cold chain logistics can be difficult to manage and finding reliable providers can be frustrating. There are many moving parts of the cold chain that can be hard to follow and track. Often you may find yourself with many providers and contacts to sort through. What if you could reduce all your cold chain logistics companies down to one? What if you could replace the rest by finding one with a range of modes for your cold chain freight, including warehousing, transportation management, and more? Sound too good to be true? Keep reading.

RISKS OF MULTIPLE PROVIDERS

When you ship and manage temperature-controlled freight, you often find yourself working with more than one logistics provider. This means there can be more handling, which can become a cause for safety concerns.

Manual processes in the transportation of cold chain freight can cause decreased visibility along your freight’s journey. The majority exists within the food industry due to the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). Because of this, shippers need to practice diligence when selecting and vetting the carriers they choose move their freight. They must make sure to communicate responsibilities such as required temperature requirements, having access to temperature readings, and making sure equipment is inspected before moving.

When you work with more than one carrier the process becomes more complicated. Each one adds complexity to your cold chain and every handling adds risk. Take time to map out your supply chain end-to-end, identify gaps, simplify your processes, and reduce the number of providers that move your freight. This can reduce your cold chain safety risks.

Shipping temperature-sensitive items? Check out our Temperature Shipping Guide.

HOW WORKING WITH TRINITY CAN BENEFIT YOUR COLD CHAIN

This is where partnering with Trinity Logistics can help. As a Burris Logistics Company, we’re uniquely qualified to arrange solutions across your entire cold chain. Working with us means you can feel at ease knowing your cold chain products are well taken care of during transportation. Stop searching for and working with multiple cold chain logistics companies. We vet every carrier in our network, reducing your risk and time spent finding providers. Some of the benefits of working with one 3PL include:

…INCREASED FLEXIBILITY

The ability to be flexible and quickly adapt to change is important for your cold chain business to stay competitive. When you partner with Trinity it gives you that flexibility of having a whole network of vetted, qualified carriers at the ready. And because we’re under the Burris Logistics umbrella, should you need other logistics solutions outside of our range, we can still support you by working with Burris to arrange those cold chain solutions that fit. We can help you stay flexible as one sole provider, instead of working with several.

…REDUCED WASTE

When you work with only one cold chain logistics provider, you can reduce your waste. At Trinity, you’ll build a relationship with a logistics expert. We can help you reduce supply chain inefficiencies through transportation management or reduce emissions by finding better routes. We can help you use trucks efficiently, such as reducing deadhead miles or suggesting intermodal when it makes sense.

…SAVE MONEY

When you work with a cold chain logistics company, such as Trinity Logistics, you can save money. With more flexibility, increased efficiencies, and reduced waste, you’ll be able to use your money better and reduce your logistics costs. By working with one provider instead of several, you’ll save time in billing and invoices. We provide a Team of dedicated, knowledgeable, and flexible experts, bringing you increased productivity and workflows within your logistics. Working with a provider such as Trinity, is a great way to cut costs without losing quality, time, or deadline requirements when it comes to your freight management and transportation.

WORKING WITH A COMPANY LIKE TRINITY, A BURRIS LOGISTICS COMPANY

When choosing to work with Trinity Logistics, you’re choosing to cut complexity. Cold chain logistics is complicated in itself and trying to do it alone can be frustrating. Choose to reduce your frustration with cold chain logistics companies by choosing the right one.

With Trinity, you’ll gain end-to-end supply chain management. Trinity is one part of the Burris Logistics umbrella, so working with us offers you access to other Burris options such as cold storage or direct-to-consumer fulfillment should you need it.

With Trinity and Burris combined, you’ll gain a greater level of flexibility in your cold chain with customized solutions. You’ll have a greater level of agility in your logistics execution while reducing cost. Since we focus on how you operate as a shipper, we make sure we fit your mold and help to solve your problems, not the other way around. You can count on Trinity Logistics to be able to serve and support your cold chain all the way from production to delivery.

Simplify your cold chain logistics today.

Need more info?

Roses are red. Violets are blue. How do flowers get delivered in perfect condition to you? With Valentine’s Day approaching, the surge of flower orders and deliveries is increasing. The process of shipping flowers from nurseries to florists requires time sensitivity and attention to detail. With the Day of Love nearly here, let’s dive into the cold chain logistics in flower delivery.

The Import of Flowers

While running to the florist to pick up a dozen roses is a simple task, the process to get those roses to the United States wasn’t so simple. Most flowers sold in the U.S. come from abroad. California is the main domestic flower producer in the U.S., but it only accounts for a small percentage of the flowers sold here. Flowers that end up in our grocery stores primarily come from South America, Africa, and Europe.

The journey that flowers take to the U.S. is a long one. Experience in cold chain is necessary for the carriers that haul this delicate freight. Flowers must be maintained in the proper environment for quality purposes. Healthy, beautiful flowers won’t survive their long journey without a proper cold chain solution.

From Field to Florist

The process to import flowers to the U.S. is meticulous with little room for error. The shelf life of a flower is extremely short, so it’s important to ship them as quickly as possible. To get your favorite carnations and lilies from field to florist is an extensive procedure. Let’s take a look at how flowers grown in Ecuador or Columbia arrive in your flower shops.

Flowers begin their journey at a farm or nursery. When they’re ready, the flowers are placed in a refrigerated room to remove field heat before they are graded, bunched, and packaged. After this step, the flowers are placed into a cool hydrating solution to help preserve them. They are then placed on a refrigerated truck at temperatures between 33-35 degrees Fahrenheit while they travel to the airport. The flowers are then placed on a refrigerated cargo plane with the same insulation and temperatures as the truck. Once they arrive in the U.S., the flowers go to a refrigerated hall to await Customs. After Customs, they are finally placed on another refrigerated truck to the final destination of the retailer.

To get flowers from field to florist takes precision and expertise. Flowers begin decomposing the minute that they’re cut so it is truly a race against the clock. The use of cold chain logistics in flower delivery and working with a third-party logistics company (3PL) that is experienced in cold chain can help preserve your flowers’ life.

Shipping temperature-sensitive items? Check out our Temperature Shipping Guide.

Utilizing Cold Chain Logistics

The shipment of flowers needs to be as delicate as the flower itself. Cold chain logistics is one of the most important parts of floral management. Consistency is necessary throughout the flowers’ journey. This means temperature and insulation maintenance need to be a top priority.

Cold chain interruptions can cause flowers to lose as much as 40 percent of their vase life. The longer flowers remain in a consistently cool area, the longer they’ll survive. Time is of the essence when shipping flowers and it is important that your shipment is in the right hands. A 3PL with proper knowledge in cold chain logistics will arrange to get your flowers to their destination while keeping them in mint condition.

No one wants their flowers to arrive on Valentine’s Day all wilted and decomposed. As a Burris Logistics company, we can provide you with the cold chain support that you need for your floral shipments. Trinity Logistics has the ability to ship your flowers through cold chain so that they arrive as fresh as a daisy!

Want to learn more about our experience in cold chain?

Finding and selecting a cold chain logistics provider can be a tough and lengthy process. You want to make sure you find the right one. The one who you can trust in understanding your freight’s regulations and has the quality of the transportation you need for your temperature-controlled freight. Here at Trinity, we consider ourselves uniquely qualified within the cold chain. We’ve worked with thousands of shippers with temperature-controlled products, making us well-versed in the requirements and regulations. 

Don’t just take our (written) word for it. Join us and our parent company, Burris Logistics, for an educational webinar to discuss our Fully Connected Cold Chain. In this webinar, you’ll hear from three experts in the industry: Mark Peterson and Mo Shearer of Trinity Logistics and Nick Falk of Burris Logistics. They’ll all speak to the intricacies you can experience in cold chain distribution and their personal stories of expertise with commodities like seafood, produce, and more.  

Find out why Burris Logistics has become a well-known cold storage provider and how they have further grown within the cold chain industry by finding support in other areas of logistics, such as freight management with Trinity Logistics. Learn from our panelists why cold chain logistics is often best left to the experts.

If you’re in the cold chain space and have any questions or concerns about your logistics, this is the webinar to attend. Don’t miss out on the chance to learn more about our people-centric and servant approach, together with Burris, straight from some of our top members of the company. 

Join us for “A Fully Connected Cold Chain”

February 2, 2021 at 1:00pm EST. 

Picking up medicine and vitamins from your local store or pharmacy may be a simple task for you. However, shipping pharmaceuticals is a meticulous challenge. Even more so as cold chain logistics often plays a big role in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Let’s dive in and find out what makes shipping pharmaceuticals so complex.

The Basics of Pharmaceuticals

Pharmaceutical companies have made great advances within the past few decades in making medications specialized to certain individuals and rare diseases. These specialized pharma products come in several different types.

One form of pharmaceuticals is biologicals. This includes vaccines, blood, allergens, genes, and tissues. Biologicals have been popular recently due to the demand for a COVID-19 vaccine.

Another form of pharma products are prescribed drugs such as opioids, stimulants, and benzodiazepines. These have a high theft risk and need to be handled with extra security.

Lastly, there are over-the-counter (OTC) medicines like vitamins, minerals, and supplements. All these different types of pharmaceuticals can come in the form of either a liquid, ointment, or a solid.

To learn more about the basics of shipping pharmaceuticals, check out the video below.

Transportation Regulations

The nature of shipping medicine is delicate. Since it can be so complex to ship, regulations are a big thing to keep in mind. Not considering regulations can be detrimental to the flow of your supply chain.

Rules for shipping pharmaceuticals start when manufacturing begins and all through the supply chain. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Current Good Manufacturing Practices (CGMP) made guidelines for pharmaceuticals to set specific standards for manufacturing, storage, and distribution.

Having standardized vehicle equipment is necessary when shipping this form of freight. If products are being transported by road, each truck must have temperature control and security measures in place. Routine cleaning of the trailer is required in order to prevent cross-contamination of different products.

Another regulation that is crucial in transporting pharmaceuticals is keeping everything on record. Transportation records and training documentation must be stored for all involved parties.

Cold Chain Maintenance

In 2019, cold chain logistics accounted for 26 percent of the pharmaceutical industry. Maintaining cold chain logistics throughout your shipment plays a big part in preserving the quality of most pharmaceuticals. Roughly 70 percent of medicine needs to be climate-controlled. This is why climate-controlled trucks are necessary when shipping pharmaceuticals. Climate-controlled trucks run their cooling unit independently. The refrigeration unit keeps your freight at the proper temperature and provides insulation, so products stay protected from outside elements.

Proper packaging of these products is important. Selecting the appropriate level of temperature-controlled packaging that best fits your shipment will help protect your pharmaceutical products even more. Using insulated containers to prepare your freight for transit can also help protect against exposure to heat, light, and moisture.

Temperature fluctuation as little as two degrees can ruin a pharmaceutical product. Having the vehicle regularly inspected and serviced will help make sure there is no variation in temperature during transport. The key to cold chain logistics is to be proactive so that your freight remains as unscathed as possible.

Risks When Shipping Pharmaceuticals

With valuable freight comes high risks. Without proper temperature control, pharmaceuticals can become ineffective or even deadly. A change as little as two degrees in temperature can ruin a pharma product. Carriers must be diligent with their temperature logs and stay proactive throughout the shipment to prolong the effectiveness of this important freight.

Cargo theft is a big risk when shipping pharmaceuticals. Prescribed drugs like opioids are especially at high risk of theft. Most pharmaceutical warehouses have high security measures, but the majority of theft happens while in transit. This is why it is necessary to find quality carriers that will ensure the safety of your freight.

Another obstacle is that medicine is becoming more specialized. More personalized medicine is being made for individuals with specific and rare diseases. These pharmaceuticals ship at low volume but high value. With specialized pharmaceuticals comes specialized temperatures. It is important to communicate with your carrier what your unique freight needs are in order to deliver safely.

Choose a 3PL with Experience in Cold Chain

Regardless of the type of drug or the shape it takes, all pharmaceuticals need to be handled with great care. This is where a third-party logistics company (3PL) can come in handy.

Shipping pharmaceuticals is a job that requires delicacy and expertise. Choosing a 3PL that has an extensive background in cold chain logistics is the way to go. As a Burris Logistics company, we can offer you cold chain support from production to delivery, or anywhere in between. You can feel at ease knowing your pharmaceuticals will be in good hands.

Want to learn more about our experience in cold chain?

Does the COVID-19 vaccine have your cold chain logistics worried? If not, you should be taking it into consideration. 

Everyone’s over the pandemic. We’re ready to be back attending public events, traveling to popular destinations, have our kids in school full time, and more. So much of 2020 has had to cancel or make the move to virtual and it’s not the same. Additionally, here at Trinity, the health and wellbeing of our Team Members, Authorized Agents, Carriers, and Customers is our number one priority.

Pfizer, Moderna, and others have quickly turned around vaccine solutions, making the light at the end of the tunnel seem in reach. With everyone looking to gain some sense of normal back into their lives, it means all hands will be on deck for the upcoming vaccine distribution. That means other cold chain commodities, will fall lower in priority. How will this affect your cold chain logistics?

THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF COLD CHAIN LOGISTICS FOR A COVID-19 VACCINE

Vaccines are fragile. Most have to store at specific colder temperatures to protect them from deterioration. If left out too long or exposed to fluctuating temperatures, vaccines can lose their effectiveness. According to the World Health Organization, one in four vaccines loses its integrity during transit. Due to their fragility and the extensive attention to detail that the logistics sector has to maintain, roughly 80 percent of a vaccine’s cost comes from its storage and transport. 

Usually vaccines transport in temperature ranges of two to eight degrees Celsius. Currently, nine COVID-19 vaccines are in their Phase 3 trials, with two, Pfizer and Moderna, being very close to distribution. Because of the quick turnaround the world is seeking, these vaccines are containing higher protein bases which need ultracold temperatures, as low as minus 80 degree Celsius. Those receiving vaccines will need to get two doses, each about three to four weeks apart. Over time, vaccines will be developedrequiring more typical refrigeration temperatures and single doses. Regardless, cold chain logistics will continue to play a vital role in the distribution of a COVID-19 vaccine and for now, the specifications will be strict. 

ALL COLD CHAIN HANDS ON DECK

Currently, Pfizer expects to produce and distribute up to 50 million doses of their vaccine in 2020 and 1.3 billion in 2021; Moderna expects 20 million in 2020 and anywhere from 500 million to one billion in 2021. Not to mention the other vaccines that will make their way as well. It is estimated that to immunize 7.8 billion people worldwide, 10 billion doses of a coronavirus vaccine will be needed.

The FMCSA recently announced their most recent extension of the Hours-of-Service waiver to February 28^th and included carriers transporting COVID-19 vaccines. This effort is expected to be the biggest challenge the logistics sector has ever faced. Currently, logistics experts are struggling to plan ahead because of the lack of very specific information that they need to know about, such as the packaging, amount of dry ice needed to maintain temperatures, warehousing, equipment needed, and more. 

Shipping temperature-sensitive items? Check out our Temperature Shipping Guide.

AREAS TO WATCH

Through Operation Warp Speed, Moderna and other upcoming vaccines will deliver to the Mckesson distribution center in Irving, Texas, and then arranged deliveries to hospitals, nursing homes, and other determined points. Moderna will manufacture its vaccine in New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and Indiana. 

Pfizer, however, has chosen to not distribute through Operation Warp Speed. They manufacture their vaccine in Michigan and plan to ship with transportation providers such as UPS and FedEx to locations around the country. They’ve chosen to directly ship to gain greater control and real-time insights into the status of their frozen vials. 

HOW IT AFFECTS CAPACITY

Obviously, reefer capacity is going to be needed for vaccine distribution. But, it’s already tight. If you’re in the cold chain, shipping temperature-controlled items, prepare to continue paying premiums for this service.

Recently, reefer rejection rates have been at almost 50 percent. That means almost one out of every two reefer shipments are being turned down by carriers. When the rejection rates are higher, the tighter capacity is, and the higher cost for you to get your cold freight moved. Reefer rates are already 20 percent higher year-over-year due to increased consumer demand while spending more time at home. 

WHAT THIS MEANS FOR YOU

If you ship temperature-controlled goods, the upcoming vaccine distribution efforts should be a concern for your business and logistics, especially if you regularly ship through less-than-truckload (LTL). Many top tier transportation companies such as UPS, FedEx, and DHL are ready to help Operation Warp Speed in the vaccine distribution. Everyone knows the vaccine distribution is the highest priority, but transportation providers also know they will be well compensated for their service of transporting it. This means other cold chain commodities will be pushed further down in priority. This will only continue on as more COVID vaccines become available to be distributed and until risk of COVID is greatly reduced. In the form of some ultracold transportation logistics, winter is coming and the demand for reefers will continue to rise. 

SHIPPING COLD CHAIN? WHAT YOU CAN DO TO PREPARE

Communicate.

Get ready now. Start talking to your relationships and providers to make sure you will have trucks to move your freight. Talk to your customers. Let them know now that things may slow down or get behind with the upcoming and expected vaccine distribution efforts.

Things may be getting tougher for you, but I think we all know this is good. We’re one step closer to returning to some sense of normalcy. Hold on, because the light at the end of the tunnel is there. It’s now in reach. We’re just in for a few more bumps in the road, but we’ll make it. 

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Author: Christine Morris